VueRouter 源码全解：0

install.js

为 Vue 插件定义 install 方法（Vue.js: Plugins）。

import View from './components/view'
import Link from './components/link'

export let _Vue

export function install (Vue) {
  if (install.installed && _Vue === Vue) return  // 避免重复安装
  install.installed = true

  _Vue = Vue

  const isDef = v => v !== undefined

  const registerInstance = (vm, callVal) => {
    let i = vm.$options._parentVnode // 获取组件的父节点
    if (isDef(i) && isDef(i = i.data) && isDef(i = i.registerRouteInstance)) {  // 判断是否是 router-view
      i(vm, callVal)  // 执行 router-view 的 registerRouteInstance 方法
    }
  }

  // 为所有组件 mixin 方法
  Vue.mixin({
    beforeCreate () {  // 实例创建
      if (isDef(this.$options.router)) {  // 判断是否是路由的根实例（使用 new Vue({router}) 创建，一般为 app）
        this._routerRoot = this  // 绑定到 this._routerRoot
        this._router = this.$options.router
        this._router.init(this)  // 在路由的根实例初始化 vue-router
        Vue.util.defineReactive(this, '_route', this._router.history.current)
      } else {
        this._routerRoot = (this.$parent && this.$parent._routerRoot) || this  // 使非路由根实例的 _routerRoot 指向路由的根实例
      }
      registerInstance(this, this)
    },
    destroyed () {  // 实例销毁
      registerInstance(this)
    }
  })

  // 为所有 Vue 实例增加 $router 属性，用于获取路由根实例的 _router 属性
  Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$router', {
    get () { return this._routerRoot._router }
  })

  // 为所有 Vue 实例增加 $route 属性，用于获取路由根实例的 _route 属性
  Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$route', {
    get () { return this._routerRoot._route }
  })

  Vue.component('router-view', View)  // 注册全局组件 router-view
  Vue.component('router-link', Link)  // 注册全局组件 router-link

  const strats = Vue.config.optionMergeStrategies
  // 路由钩子使用相同的合并策略 https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/mixins.html#Custom-Option-Merge-Strategies
  strats.beforeRouteEnter = strats.beforeRouteLeave = strats.beforeRouteUpdate = strats.created
}

---

index.js

/* @flow */

import { install } from './install'
import { START } from './util/route'
import { assert } from './util/warn'
import { inBrowser } from './util/dom'
import { cleanPath } from './util/path'
import { createMatcher } from './create-matcher'
import { normalizeLocation } from './util/location'
import { supportsPushState } from './util/push-state'

import { HashHistory } from './history/hash'
import { HTML5History } from './history/html5'
import { AbstractHistory } from './history/abstract'

import type { Matcher } from './create-matcher'

export default class VueRouter {
  static install: () => void;
  static version: string;

  app: any;
  apps: Array<any>;
  ready: boolean;
  readyCbs: Array<Function>;
  options: RouterOptions;
  mode: string;
  history: HashHistory | HTML5History | AbstractHistory;
  matcher: Matcher;
  fallback: boolean;
  beforeHooks: Array<?NavigationGuard>;
  resolveHooks: Array<?NavigationGuard>;
  afterHooks: Array<?AfterNavigationHook>;

  constructor (options: RouterOptions = {}) {
    this.app = null
    this.apps = []
    this.options = options
    this.beforeHooks = []
    this.resolveHooks = []
    this.afterHooks = []
    this.matcher = createMatcher(options.routes || [], this)

    let mode = options.mode || 'hash'
    this.fallback = mode === 'history' && !supportsPushState && options.fallback !== false
    if (this.fallback) {
      mode = 'hash'
    }
    if (!inBrowser) {
      mode = 'abstract'
    }
    this.mode = mode

    switch (mode) {  // 根据不同 mode 实例化不同的 History
      case 'history':
        this.history = new HTML5History(this, options.base)
        break
      case 'hash':
        this.history = new HashHistory(this, options.base, this.fallback)
        break
      case 'abstract':
        this.history = new AbstractHistory(this, options.base)
        break
      default:
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          assert(false, `invalid mode: ${mode}`)
        }
    }
  }

  match (
    raw: RawLocation,
    current?: Route,
    redirectedFrom?: Location
  ): Route {
    return this.matcher.match(raw, current, redirectedFrom)
  }

  get currentRoute (): ?Route {
    return this.history && this.history.current
  }

  init (app: any /* Vue component instance */) {
    process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && assert(
      install.installed,
      `not installed. Make sure to call \`Vue.use(VueRouter)\` ` +
      `before creating root instance.`
    )

    this.apps.push(app)

    // main app already initialized.
    if (this.app) {
      return
    }

    this.app = app

    const history = this.history

    if (history instanceof HTML5History) {
      history.transitionTo(history.getCurrentLocation())
    } else if (history instanceof HashHistory) {
      const setupHashListener = () => {
        history.setupListeners()
      }
      history.transitionTo(
        history.getCurrentLocation(),
        setupHashListener,
        setupHashListener
      )
    }

    history.listen(route => {
      this.apps.forEach((app) => {
        app._route = route
      })
    })
  }

  beforeEach (fn: Function): Function {
    return registerHook(this.beforeHooks, fn)
  }

  beforeResolve (fn: Function): Function {
    return registerHook(this.resolveHooks, fn)
  }

  afterEach (fn: Function): Function {
    return registerHook(this.afterHooks, fn)
  }

  onReady (cb: Function, errorCb?: Function) {
    this.history.onReady(cb, errorCb)
  }

  onError (errorCb: Function) {
    this.history.onError(errorCb)
  }

  push (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
    this.history.push(location, onComplete, onAbort)
  }

  replace (location: RawLocation, onComplete?: Function, onAbort?: Function) {
    this.history.replace(location, onComplete, onAbort)
  }

  go (n: number) {
    this.history.go(n)
  }

  back () {
    this.go(-1)
  }

  forward () {
    this.go(1)
  }

  getMatchedComponents (to?: RawLocation | Route): Array<any> {
    const route: any = to
      ? to.matched
        ? to
        : this.resolve(to).route
      : this.currentRoute
    if (!route) {
      return []
    }
    return [].concat.apply([], route.matched.map(m => {
      return Object.keys(m.components).map(key => {
        return m.components[key]
      })
    }))
  }

  resolve (
    to: RawLocation,
    current?: Route,
    append?: boolean
  ): {
    location: Location,
    route: Route,
    href: string,
    // for backwards compat
    normalizedTo: Location,
    resolved: Route
  } {
    const location = normalizeLocation(
      to,
      current || this.history.current,
      append,
      this
    )
    const route = this.match(location, current)
    const fullPath = route.redirectedFrom || route.fullPath
    const base = this.history.base
    const href = createHref(base, fullPath, this.mode)
    return {
      location,
      route,
      href,
      // for backwards compat
      normalizedTo: location,
      resolved: route
    }
  }

  addRoutes (routes: Array<RouteConfig>) {
    this.matcher.addRoutes(routes)
    if (this.history.current !== START) {
      this.history.transitionTo(this.history.getCurrentLocation())
    }
  }
}

function registerHook (list: Array<any>, fn: Function): Function {
  list.push(fn)
  return () => {
    const i = list.indexOf(fn)
    if (i > -1) list.splice(i, 1)
  }
}

function createHref (base: string, fullPath: string, mode) {
  var path = mode === 'hash' ? '#' + fullPath : fullPath
  return base ? cleanPath(base + '/' + path) : path
}

VueRouter.install = install
VueRouter.version = '__VERSION__'

if (inBrowser && window.Vue) {
  window.Vue.use(VueRouter)
}